There are four key messages. First, how decisions are made about adaptation is important for legitimacy,and ultimately, for who benefits from, and who is burdened by, interventions. Second, equitable and fair outcomes are more likely when participation isinclusive and deliberations open and well-informed. Third how well decisions are acted upon depends on knowledge, coordination,leadership, resources and monitoring.Fourth, significant uncertainties about impacts of climate change and theeffects of policy interventions in specific places imply that adaptive forms ofgovernance which foster learning will be crucial. The brief derives from the experiences of the Adaptation Knowledge Platform. Itdraws on issues raised at the March 2012 Adaptation Forum held in Bangkok’sUnited Nations Conference Centre and a series of sharing and learning seminars.